This project will examine how Indigenous individuals, households, communities, business, and institutions perceive and respond to climate variability and extreme weather events. It will explore the importance of climate events and climate change relative to other risks facing Indigenous communities. It will identify entry points for the development and implementation of equitable, efficient and appropriate climate change adaptation plans and policies for Australian Indigenous communities. Using case studies, and a systematic review of experiences and cases from across Australia and internationally, it will produce information to assist Indigenous communities and decision makers to engage in and develop community level adaptation strategies, and suggest strategies to enhance adaptive capacity within the communities.